Communication for Children who are Deaf- blind: An
Overview of the Early Years.
Deaf-blindness means concomitant hearing and visual impairments, the combination of which causes such severe communication and other developmental and educational needs that they cannot be accommodated in special education programs solely for children with deafness or children with blindness.
Communication
—Communication is the
process of exchanging information. It is the
way we share our
knowledge, needs,
wishes, and feelings.
—Individuals with vision and
hearing loss may show communication skills in many ways. This communication may
take the form of body movement, gestures, facial expressions, vocalizing, use
of objects or people, pointing to pictures, or more formal systems.
Effective
Communication with children who are deaf-blind
—The emotional attachments
of young or developmentally young children begin when they show preferences for a particular
familiar person. They tend to seek proximity to those people, especially in
times of distress, and they have the ability to use familiar adults as a secure base from
which to explore the environment.
Hearing
Loss, Visual Impairments and Communication
When a child has both a visual
impairment and hearing loss,
it may be more
difficult to understand what she/he
is trying to tell you
and you may be unsure how you can best
communicate and interact with him/her.
Perspectives
Professionals and
families need to gain an
understanding of various communication
techniques, strategies and
modes in order to give the
child an
individualized and
appropriate communication system
that reflects the child's assessed needs and respects the
family's choice.
Response
Time
—Children and adults
who are deaf-blind should be given the right to communicate and be
"listened to" with adequate time to respond.
Elements
of a Good Conversation
—Mutual Respect
—Emotional Comfort
—Physical Comfort
—Conversing in Motion
—Topics of interest to
the Child
—Good Mutual Touch
Teaching
Effective
Communication
Teach the child to face the person he/she is communicating with.
Teach the child to communicate wants,
needs, and opinions without being aggressive or pushy.
Teach the child to be sensitive to
the messages communicated in tone of voice and body language.
Provide opportunities for the child to communicate with
different people in different environments. Help the child expand
the functions of
communication.
Modes
of Communication
—Oral/Aural
(Speech/Hearing)
—
—Sign Language
—Haptic/Tactile Sign
—Fingerspell
—Symbols/Picture
symbols/communication notebook
—Cued Speech
mode of communication
Total Communication
—Braille
—Gestures
—Facial expressions
—Tadoma
—Object Communication/Calendars
—Visual Communication
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