Sensory Integration
Dysfunction
Normal Sensory Integration
Neurological process of organizing info
from body and
environment for use in
daily life
Central nervous system
80% of nervous system involves
processing sensory info
Sensory Integration Dysfunction
Inability to process
sensations efficiently
*Take in too much or too little information
Hypersensitive
Hyposensitive
*Neurological
disorganization
*Inefficient motor,
language, or
emotional output
Senses
•Far Senses
–Hearing, sight, smell, taste, touch
•Near Senses
–Tactile
–Vestibular
–Proprioceptive
Central Nervous System
Neurons
Sensory
Impulses from receptors in eyes, ears,
skin, muscles, joints,
organs
Motor
Spinal Cord
Interprets sensory messages, sends
motor messages
The Brain
The Brain and Sensory Integration
3 Important Parts
–Brainstem
–Cerebellum
–Cerebrum
Brainstem:
acts as a relay center connecting the cerebrum and cerebellum to the spinal cord. It
performs many automatic functions such as breathing, heart rate, body temperature,
wake and sleep cycles, digestion, sneezing, coughing, vomiting, and swallowing.
Cerebellum:
is located under the cerebrum. Its function is to coordinate muscle movements, maintain
posture, and balance.
Cerebrum:
is the largest part of the brain and is composed of right and left hemispheres. It performs
higher functions like interpreting touch, vision and hearing, as well as speech, reasoning,
emotions, learning, and fine control of movement.
Who it effects
•12-30%
of all children
–Some type
•70%
of children with learning disorders
–Autism
–ADHD
–Premature infants
–Anxiety
–Head trauma
•Commonly
seen in boys
–80%
Signs of SID
Can be seen in early
infancy
Low self esteem seen as
young as 8 months due to
SID
More noticeable in
toddlers/school aged
children
Possible Causes
•Genetics
•Prenatal circumstances
•Prematurity
•Birth trauma
•Postnatal circumstances
Treatments
Occupational Therapy
Speech and Language
Therapy
Auditory Integration
Therapy
Vision Therapy
Psychotherapy
Deal with effects of SID,
not causes
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